Histopathology of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) from Industrially Contaminated Locations of Ologe Lagoon, South-Western, Nigeria

• A. Adeboyejo

  Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria

  Author

• O. Fagbenro

  Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

  Author

• Y. Adeparusi

  Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

  Author

• B. Emikpe

  Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.

  Author

This study reports the physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals in Ologe lagoon and the histopathological effects on the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) collected from effluents sources on the lagoon. Water samples were collected from five point sources in triplicates; once every two months from each sample station from January – November 2011. Effluent samples from these point sources were also analyzed. Mean (±SD) values for physico-chemical parameters, heavy-metals were pH, 6.17±0.42-10.25±1.18, DO, 1.18±0.50-6.13±1.03 mg/l, TDS, 86.6±19.17-621.97±16.22 mg/l, hardness, 0-58.03±0.90 mg/l, alkalinity, 22.06±8.08-352.37±14.58 mg/l, Cl-1, 31.09±18.16-268.98±31.41 mg/l, acidity, 0-73.73±13.00 mg/l, Zn, 0.07±0.01-0.65±0.18 mg/l, Fe, 0-1.40±0.50 mg/l, Cu, 0.001±0.001-0.53±0.36 mg/l, Cd, 0-0.07±0.02 mg/l, and Pb, 0-10.15±21.83 mg/l. Lesions were observed in fish from the lagoon as tissue bio-makers consistent with the exposure of fish to effluents. These include pigmented macrophage aggregation, vacuolation of hepatocytes, multi foci coagulative necrosis and liver fatty degeneration. which were not easily degradable, while BOD values were between 38.71 and 49.82 mg/l indicating that organic compounds were bio-degradable at the peak of rainfall. Heavymetal values in Ologe lagoon are presented in Tables 1 and 2; pH in the open lagoon was high (10.25±1.18), while others were slightly acidic especially from soft drink industry (6.17±0.42). DO was the most severed parameter, with the lowest mean DO of 1.18±0.05 (mg/l) (from Breweries industry), compared with overall mean value from Ologe lagoon (6.13±1.03). Water samples were taken between January and November 2011 at five sample stations in the lagoon. The sample stations traversed the whole lagoon area, namely Obele, Gbanko, Idolowu, Ibiye jetty and Otto jetty (Figure 2). The physical and chemical characteristics of the effluent were determined using standard methods (APHA, 1998), and the heavy-metal contents using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The following parameters were analyzed: Temperature was measured with mercury in glass thermometer. An Orion pH meter (model 407 A) was used to measure pH levels. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) was determined using the Winkler's method. Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Alkalinity were also measured using standard methods. Heavy metals determination was done in test materials according to APHA (1998) by atomic Spectrophotometer (AAS) (Perkins Elmer AAS model 3110).

1. A. Adeboyejo, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria

   Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria

2. O. Fagbenro, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

   Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

3. Y. Adeparusi, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

   Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

4. B. Emikpe, Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.

   Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.

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