Assessment of the Effectiveness of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merrill et. Perry) Buds Powder as Grain Protectant against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky on Stored Maize

• R.Q Adegbola

  Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

  Author

• A. F. Okunlade

  Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

  Author

• N. F. Okparavero

  Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

  Author

• M.O. Jimoh

  Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

  Author

• G.O. Otitodun

  Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

  Author

• O.B. Aina

  Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

  Author

• M.O. Rahman

  Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

  Author

Sitophilus zeamais is among a wide range of postharvest pest that threatens maize production in Nigeria. The insecticidal potency of the clove was mainly due to the aromatic compounds (monoterpenoids) present in the clove buds powder. Thus, a study was conducted at the entomology laboratory of Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute under ambient condition (30±3C and 70±6% RH) to assess the efficacy of powder obtained from buds of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) against maize weevils. The powder were applied at rates of 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, and 0.25g per 40g of maize grains, and the dosage-mortality effect of clove buds powder was investigated at day 7 and 14 respectively while F1 progeny development count was done by 47 and 68 days post treatment. The results from the study showed 88 and 96% weevil mortality at dosage level of 0.25g/40g of maize grain within 7 and 14 days post treatment. Mortality of adult insects increased with increase in exposure period and concentration of the clove bud powders. The insecticidal activities of clove buds powder at higher dosage levels (0.15g– 0.25g) prevented F1 progeny of the weevil (0.00) and reduced weight loss of the maize grains. The powder treatment does not have negative effects on the grain germinability. For the microbial counts, the highest bacteria count was observed in untreated maize grain (0.068±0.000). . The same trend was observed for fungal counts with the highest fungal count observed in the untreated maize grain while the treated maize follow, the higher the dosage level, the more anti-fungal activities. The results revealed that clove buds powder have considerable insecticidal, anti-bacterial, and anti-fungal effects on maize grains and should be considered as an alternative to synthetic insecticide for the control of maize weevils in maize grains during postharvest storage.

1. R.Q Adegbola, Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

   Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

2. A. F. Okunlade, Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

   Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

3. N. F. Okparavero, Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

   Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

4. M.O. Jimoh, Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

   Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

5. G.O. Otitodun, Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

   Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

6. O.B. Aina, Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

   Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

7. M.O. Rahman, Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

   Durable Crops Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Research Outreach Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P.M.B 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

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